{"id":1525,"date":"2018-05-30T13:13:16","date_gmt":"2018-05-30T13:13:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/asociatiablockchain.ro\/tutoriale\/"},"modified":"2018-07-05T06:19:26","modified_gmt":"2018-07-05T06:19:26","slug":"tutoriale","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/asociatiablockchain.ro\/hu\/tutoriale\/","title":{"rendered":"Tutoriale"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Oktat\u00f3anyagok, utas\u00edt\u00e1sok, technikai kifejez\u00e9sek<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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H\u00e1romf\u00e9le t\u00edpus\u00fa h\u00e1l\u00f3zat vagy csoportszervez\u00e9s l\u00e9tezik: k\u00f6zpontos\u00edtott – decentraliz\u00e1lt – elosztott<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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K\u00f6zpontos\u00edtott h\u00e1l\u00f3zat<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Decentraliz\u00e1lt h\u00e1l\u00f3zat<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Elosztott h\u00e1l\u00f3zat<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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A szervez\u00e9s minden m\u00f3dja el\u0151ny\u00f6s \u00e9s s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9keny: a k\u00f6zpontos\u00edtott<\/strong> szervezet a leghat\u00e9konyabb az inform\u00e1ci\u00f3 tov\u00e1bb\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban, mivel k\u00f6zvetlen, de \u00e9ppen ez\u00e9rt a legink\u00e1bb sebezhet\u0151 a t\u00e1mad\u00e1sokkal, \u00e9s csak egy hibahelye van.<\/span> A kompromitt\u00e1lt tag lehet karant\u00e9nba vagy kiz\u00e1rhat\u00f3, de ha a k\u00f6zponti tag kompromitt\u00e1l\u00f3dott, az eg\u00e9sz szervezetet \/ h\u00e1l\u00f3zatot azonnal \u00e9rinteni fogja, \u00e9s automatikusan lekapcsol\u00f3dik a h\u00e1l\u00f3zat t\u00f6bbi r\u00e9sz\u00e9r\u0151l.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Az elosztott<\/strong> szervezet a legink\u00e1bb ellen\u00e1ll\u00f3 a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati t\u00e1mad\u00e1sokkal \u00e9s a korrupci\u00f3val szemben, minden olyan vesz\u00e9lyeztetett pont, amely nincs hat\u00e1ssal a h\u00e1l\u00f3zatra \/ szervezetre, mint a t\u00f6bbi tag. Az inform\u00e1ci\u00f3 tov\u00e1bb\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak \u00e9s ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9nek sebess\u00e9ge azonban a leglassabb, minden tagnak meg kell vizsg\u00e1lnia az \u00f6sszes t\u00f6bbi tagot, hogy biztos\u00edtsa a konszenzust.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Decentraliz\u00e1lt<\/strong> szervezet, ahol minden tag csatlakozik egy h\u00e1l\u00f3zati csom\u00f3ponthoz<\/strong>, szinkroniz\u00e1lja \u0151ket, mind a t\u00e1mad\u00e1sok ellen\u00e1ll\u00f3 k\u00e9pess\u00e9g\u00e9t, mind a h\u00e1l\u00f3zatinform\u00e1ci\u00f3-\u00e1tvitel hat\u00e9konys\u00e1g\u00e1t \u00f6tv\u00f6zi a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati csom\u00f3pontok szinkroniz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val. A kompromitt\u00e1lt csom\u00f3pontok kiz\u00e1r\u00e1sra ker\u00fclnek a h\u00e1l\u00f3zat t\u00f6bbi r\u00e9sz\u00e9b\u0151l, \u00e9s csak a hozz\u00e1juk kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 tagokat \u00e9rintik. Az \u00e9rintett tagoknak szabadon kell elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00edteni\u00fck \u00e9s \u00fajra csatlakozniuk egy m\u00e1sik, nem s\u00e9r\u00fclt csom\u00f3ponthoz.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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A biz\u00e1nci t\u00e1bornok - k\u00f6zponti hat\u00f3s\u00e1g n\u00e9lk\u00fcli konszenzus<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Tegy\u00fck fel, hogy egy t\u00e1bornok vagy, aki megh\u00f3d\u00edtani akar egy v\u00e1rat. Ha hirtelen megt\u00e1madod \u00e9s k\u00f6r\u00fclveszed, megh\u00f3d\u00edtod. Ellenkez\u0151 esetben viszont le leszel gy\u0151zve. Hogyan gy\u0151z\u0151dsz meg r\u00f3la, hogy minden sz\u00f6vets\u00e9gesed:<\/span>
\u2013 egyidej\u0171leg megkapta a t\u00e1mad\u00e1si \u00fczenetedet<\/span>
\u2013 mindannyian megegyez\u00e9s<\/span><\/span>re estek egyidej\u0171leg cselekedni (t\u00e1madni)<\/span><\/span><\/span>
\u2013\u00a0elt\u00e1vol\u00edtottad<\/span> az \u00f6sszes k\u00e9meket, akik megtudhatt\u00e1<\/span>k volna terveiddet<\/span><\/span>
\u2013 elt\u00e1vol\u00edtottad<\/span><\/span><\/span> az \u00e1rul\u00f3kat illetve az ellent\u00e9tes t\u00e1bornokokat akik terved megszak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz vezettek volna<\/span><\/span>
\u2013 ugynakkor nem parancsolhatsz a t\u00f6bbi t\u00e1bornoknak, akik veled egyrang\u00faak, \u00e9s nem ismeri fel hat\u00f3s\u00e1godat f\u00f6l\u00f6tt\u00fck (k\u00f6zponti hat\u00f3s\u00e1g n\u00e9lk\u00fcli megegyez\u00e9s)<\/span><\/span>?
Ez egy 1975-ben javasolt matematikai probl\u00e9ma, amelyet eddig megoldathatlannak tekintett\u00e9k, am\u00edg a Blockchain technol\u00f3gia nem bizonyult megold\u00e1ss\u00e1.<\/span><\/span><\/p>

– a „csom\u00f3pontok” val\u00f3s idej\u0171 szinkroniz\u00e1l\u00e1sa biztos\u00edtja, hogy a teljes h\u00e1l\u00f3zat rendelkezik az aktu\u00e1lis inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kkal<\/span>
– a b\u00e1ny\u00e1szok megegyeznek a konszenzussal, ellen\u0151rzik az \u00fcgyleteket, versenyeznek az id\u0151 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt\u00fck, bele\u00e9rtve az el\u0151z\u0151 tranzakci\u00f3k ellen\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00e9t<\/span>
– A priv\u00e1t kulcs titkos\u00edt\u00e1sa biztos\u00edtja, hogy csak a tulajdonos tudja al\u00e1\u00edrni az \u00fcgyleteket \u00e9s az \u00fczeneteket, \u00e1tadni az \u00e9rt\u00e9keket a blockchain-nak<\/span>
– A h\u00e1l\u00f3zati csom\u00f3pontok \u00e9s a „b\u00e1ny\u00e1szok”, akik nem „j\u00e1tszanak” el\u0151re meghat\u00e1rozott szab\u00e1lyok szerint, automatikusan kiz\u00e1r\u00e1sra ker\u00fclnek a f\u0151 blokkh\u00e1l\u00f3zatb\u00f3l, a k\u00f6zt\u00fck l\u00e9v\u0151 verseny a „b\u00e1ny\u00e1szat” jutalmaz\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00f6szt\u00f6nzi \u0151ket, hogy a t\u00f6bbi b\u00e1ny\u00e1sz ellen\u0151rizz\u00e9k \u0151ket.<\/span>
– a blokkh\u00e1l\u00f3zaton mindenki ugyanazokkal a jogokkal rendelkezik a szabad mozg\u00e1shoz, a szavaz\u00e1shoz, a h\u00e1l\u00f3zat t\u00f6bbi r\u00e9sz\u00e9hez val\u00f3 csatlakoz\u00e1shoz vagy a k\u00fcl\u00f6nv\u00e1l\u00e1shoz, mindenki \u00e9rdeke, hogy a r\u00e9sztvev\u0151k t\u00f6bbs\u00e9g\u00e9ben maradjon a blockchainen.)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Mire haszn\u00e1l a Blockchain?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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  • identit\u00e1s \u00e9s a digit\u00e1lis \u00e1llampolg\u00e1rs\u00e1g<\/span><\/span>
    Gyakorlati alkalmaz\u00e1s:<\/span><\/span> Mag\u00e1nszem\u00e9lyek<\/span><\/span>: Civic, Onename (onename.com); Szervezetek \u00e9s c\u00e9gek:<\/span><\/span> Aragon<\/li>
  • Dokumentumok, oklevelek, bizony\u00edtv\u00e1nyok<\/span><\/span><\/li>
  • Intelligens szerz\u0151d\u00e9sek: egyszer\u0171 \u00fctemezett programok futtat\u00e1sa<\/span><\/span>
    Gyakorlati alkalmaz\u00e1s:<\/span><\/span> Ethereum, Waves, Neo, Lisk, Rootstock<\/li>
  • Biztons\u00e1g: a decentraliz\u00e1lt strukt\u00fara \u00e9s a hajtott mechanizmus konszenzus<\/span><\/span>a<\/li>
  • Szavaz\u00e1s \u00e9s digit\u00e1lis mag\u00e1n korm\u00e1ny<\/span>z\u00e1<\/span>s
    <\/span><\/span><\/li>
  • H\u00edrn\u00e9v pszeudo anonimit\u00e1s alapj\u00e1n
    <\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul>

    Gyakorlati alkalmaz\u00e1s:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>

    • Blokkl\u00e1ncon r\u00f6gz\u00edtett egyedi fizikai tulajdonok<\/span><\/span>:
      Gyakorlati alkalmaz\u00e1s:<\/span><\/span> m\u0171v\u00e9szet<\/span><\/span> (Verisart), m\u00e9z \u00e9s csal\u00e1nki\u00fct\u00e9s<\/span><\/span> (Apis)<\/li>
    • Decentraliz\u00e1lt Online Shop:<\/span><\/span>
      Gyakorlati alkalmaz\u00e1s:<\/span><\/span> Openbazaar<\/li>
    • Decentraliz\u00e1lt k\u00f6zjegyz\u0151
      <\/span><\/li>
    • Felv\u00e9tel \u00e9s nyomon k\u00f6vet\u00e9s val\u00f3s idej\u0171 fizikai term\u00e9kek sz\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1sa<\/span>
      Gyakorlati alkalmaz\u00e1s:<\/span><\/span> Fuvaroz\u00e1s k\u00f6vet\u00e9se<\/span><\/span> (BitNautic)<\/li>
    • A fel nem haszn\u00e1lt sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00f3g\u00e9pes er\u0151forr\u00e1sok felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1sa<\/span><\/span>
      Gyakorlati alkalmaz\u00e1s: <\/span><\/span>Titkos\u00edtott t\u00e1rhely, redund\u00e1ns a blokkl\u00e1ncon<\/span><\/span> (Sia, Filecoin, Stroj), Feldolgoz\u00e1si teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny \u00e9s a mesters\u00e9ges intelligencia<\/span><\/span> (Golem, Augur)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Oktat\u00f3anyagok, utas\u00edt\u00e1sok, technikai kifejez\u00e9sek H\u00e1romf\u00e9le t\u00edpus\u00fa h\u00e1l\u00f3zat vagy csoportszervez\u00e9s l\u00e9tezik: k\u00f6zpontos\u00edtott – decentraliz\u00e1lt – elosztott K\u00f6zpontos\u00edtott h\u00e1l\u00f3zat Decentraliz\u00e1lt h\u00e1l\u00f3zat Elosztott h\u00e1l\u00f3zat A szervez\u00e9s minden m\u00f3dja el\u0151ny\u00f6s \u00e9s s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9keny: a k\u00f6zpontos\u00edtott szervezet a leghat\u00e9konyabb az inform\u00e1ci\u00f3 tov\u00e1bb\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban, mivel k\u00f6zvetlen, de \u00e9ppen ez\u00e9rt a legink\u00e1bb sebezhet\u0151 a t\u00e1mad\u00e1sokkal, \u00e9s csak egy hibahelye van. A kompromitt\u00e1lt tag lehet […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1525","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/asociatiablockchain.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1525","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/asociatiablockchain.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/asociatiablockchain.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asociatiablockchain.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asociatiablockchain.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1525"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/asociatiablockchain.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1525\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/asociatiablockchain.ro\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}